{"id":28905,"date":"2018-10-24T03:51:17","date_gmt":"2018-10-24T08:51:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/?p=28905"},"modified":"2023-04-05T01:44:34","modified_gmt":"2023-04-05T06:44:34","slug":"how-to-multi-task-in-linux-with-the-command-line","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-multi-task-in-linux-with-the-command-line\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Multi-Task in Linux with the Command Line"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"bsf_rt_marker\"><\/div><figure id=\"attachment_28910\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-28910\" style=\"width: 732px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-28910\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/How-to-Multi-Task-in-Linux-with-the-Command-Line.jpg\" alt=\"How to Multi-Task in Linux with the Command Line\" width=\"742\" height=\"372\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/How-to-Multi-Task-in-Linux-with-the-Command-Line.jpg 742w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/How-to-Multi-Task-in-Linux-with-the-Command-Line-150x75.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/How-to-Multi-Task-in-Linux-with-the-Command-Line-300x150.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 742px) 100vw, 742px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-28910\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">How to Multi-Task in Linux with the Command Line<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>One of the most jarring moments when moving from a Windows-based environment to using the command line is the loss of easy multi-tasking. Even on Linux, if you use an X Window system, you can use the mouse to just click on a new program and open it. On the command line, however, you&#8217;re pretty much stuck with what&#8217;s on your screen at any given time. In this tutorial, we will show you<strong> how to multi-task in Linux with the command line.<\/strong><!--more--><\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-transparent ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69f3627491d81\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69f3627491d81\"  aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-multi-task-in-linux-with-the-command-line\/#Background-and-Foreground-Process-Management\" >Background and Foreground Process Management<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-multi-task-in-linux-with-the-command-line\/#But-First-%E2%80%93-You-Can-Always-Open-a-new-SSH-Session\" >But First &#8211; You Can Always Open a new SSH Session<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-multi-task-in-linux-with-the-command-line\/#Using-%E2%80%9CScreen%E2%80%9D-Instead\" >Using &#8220;Screen&#8221; Instead<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-multi-task-in-linux-with-the-command-line\/#Opening-a-New-Screen\" >Opening a New Screen<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"western\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Background-and-Foreground-Process-Management\"><\/span>Background and Foreground Process Management<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>However, there are still ways to multi-task in Linux, and some of them are more comprehensive than others. One in-built way that doesn&#8217;t require any kind of additional software is simply moving processes into the background and the foreground. We&#8217;d\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-run-commands-simultaneously-in-linux\/\">written a tutorial<\/a> on that a short while back. However, it has some disadvantages.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"western\">Disadvantages<\/h3>\n<p><b>First<\/b>, to send a process into the background, you have to pause it first. There&#8217;s no way to send an already running program into the background and keep it running in one go.<\/p>\n<p><b>Second<\/b>, you need to break your workflow to start a new command. You have to exit what you&#8217;re currently doing and type more commands into the shell. It works, but it&#8217;s inconvenient.<\/p>\n<p><b>Third<\/b>, you have to look out for output from the background processes. Any output from them will appear on the command line and interfere with what you&#8217;re doing in the current moment. So background tasks need to either redirect their output to a separate file, or they need to be muted altogether.<\/p>\n<p>Because of these disadvantages, there are huge problems with background and foreground process management. A better solution is to use the &#8220;screen&#8221; command utility as shown below.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"western\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"But-First-%E2%80%93-You-Can-Always-Open-a-new-SSH-Session\"><\/span>But First &#8211; You Can Always Open a new SSH Session<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Don&#8217;t forget that you just open a new SSH session. Here&#8217;s a screenshot of we doing just that:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-28906\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Open-Two-Separate-SSH-Shells.jpg\" alt=\"Open Two Separate SSH Shells\" width=\"560\" height=\"299\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Open-Two-Separate-SSH-Shells.jpg 560w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Open-Two-Separate-SSH-Shells-150x80.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Open-Two-Separate-SSH-Shells-300x160.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 560px) 100vw, 560px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>It can get inconvenient to open new sessions all the time. And that&#8217;s when you need &#8220;screen&#8221;<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"western\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Using-%E2%80%9CScreen%E2%80%9D-Instead\"><\/span>Using &#8220;Screen&#8221; Instead<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The &#8220;screen&#8221; utility allows you to have multiple workflows open at the same times &#8211; the closest analog to &#8220;windows&#8221;. It&#8217;s available by default within the regular Linux repositories. Install it in CentOS\/RHEL like this:<\/p>\n<pre>sudo yum install screen\r\n\r\n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-28907\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Install-Screen.jpg\" alt=\"install screen linux\" width=\"560\" height=\"431\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Install-Screen.jpg 560w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Install-Screen-150x115.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Install-Screen-300x231.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 560px) 100vw, 560px\" \/><\/pre>\n<h2 class=\"western\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Opening-a-New-Screen\"><\/span>Opening a New Screen<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Now start your session by typing &#8220;screen&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>This will create a blank window within your existing SSH session and give it a number that&#8217;s shown in the title bar like this:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-28908\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Waiting-for-Input.jpg\" alt=\"Waiting for Input\" width=\"650\" height=\"203\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Waiting-for-Input.jpg 650w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Waiting-for-Input-150x47.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Waiting-for-Input-300x94.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 650px) 100vw, 650px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>My screen here has the number &#8220;0&#8221; as shown. In this screenshot, I&#8217;m using a dummy &#8220;read&#8221; command to block the terminal and make it wait for input. Now let&#8217;s say we want to do something else while we wait.<\/p>\n<p>To open a new screen and do something else, we type:<\/p>\n<pre>ctrl+a c<\/pre>\n<p>&#8220;ctrl+a&#8221; is the default key combination for managing screens within the screen program. What you type after it, determines the action. So for example:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>ctrl+a c &#8211; <b>C<\/b>reates a new screen<\/li>\n<li>ctrl+a <i>[number]<\/i> &#8211; Goes to a specific screen number<\/li>\n<li>ctrl+a k &#8211; <b>K<\/b>ills the current screen<\/li>\n<li>ctrl+a n &#8211; Goes to the <b>n<\/b>ext screen<\/li>\n<li>ctrl+a &#8221; &#8211; Lists all active screens in the session<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>So if we press &#8220;ctrl+a c&#8221;, we get a new screen with a new number as shown here:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-28909\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Second-Screen-Linux.jpg\" alt=\"Second Screen Linux\" width=\"650\" height=\"189\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Second-Screen-Linux.jpg 650w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Second-Screen-Linux-150x44.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Second-Screen-Linux-300x87.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 650px) 100vw, 650px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>You can use the cursor keys to navigate the list and go to whichever screen you want.<br \/>\nScreens are the closest thing you&#8217;ll get to a &#8220;windows&#8221; like system in the Linux command line. Sure, it&#8217;s not as easy as clicking with the mouse, but then the graphical subsystem is very resource intensive in the first place. With screens, you can get almost the same functionality and enable full multi-tasking!<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>If you are one of our managed VPS hosting customers, you can always ask our system administrators to set up this for you, They are available 24\/7 and can take care of your request immediately.<\/p>\n<p>If you liked this post on how to multi-task in Linux command line, please share it with your friends on social media networks, or if you have any question regarding the blog post please leave a comment below and one of our system administrators will reply to it.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>One of the most jarring moments when moving from a Windows-based environment to using the command line is the loss &#8230; <\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more-container\"><a title=\"How to Multi-Task in Linux with the Command Line\" class=\"read-more button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-multi-task-in-linux-with-the-command-line\/#more-28905\" aria-label=\"Read more about How to Multi-Task in Linux with the Command Line\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":28910,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1236,2071,13],"tags":[104,27,1763,1762],"class_list":["post-28905","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-guides","category-linux","category-tutorials","tag-command-line","tag-linux","tag-multi-tasking","tag-multi-task","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-33"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.5 (Yoast SEO v27.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>How to Multi-Task in Linux with the Command Line | RoseHosting<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"How to Multi-Task in Linux with the Command Line | RoseHosting\" 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is a leading Linux hosting provider, serving thousands of clients world-wide since 2001.\",\"email\":\"info@rosehosting.com\",\"telephone\":\"(314) 275-0414\",\"legalName\":\"Rose Web Services LLC\",\"foundingDate\":\"2001-04-02\",\"numberOfEmployees\":{\"@type\":\"QuantitativeValue\",\"minValue\":\"11\",\"maxValue\":\"50\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rosehosting.com\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/7ce77a842fa6a9a7f8efa186f2353713\",\"name\":\"Jeff Wilson\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/0985fed6af04cc60703d2ecf27c65dfa373e0ca00eb21c0b03477e099ea3f99f?s=96&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/0985fed6af04cc60703d2ecf27c65dfa373e0ca00eb21c0b03477e099ea3f99f?s=96&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/0985fed6af04cc60703d2ecf27c65dfa373e0ca00eb21c0b03477e099ea3f99f?s=96&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Jeff 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