{"id":361,"date":"2012-05-25T00:10:51","date_gmt":"2012-05-25T00:10:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/?p=361"},"modified":"2022-06-03T03:52:29","modified_gmt":"2022-06-03T08:52:29","slug":"set-up-a-new-virtual-host-server-block-on-your-nginx-server","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/set-up-a-new-virtual-host-server-block-on-your-nginx-server\/","title":{"rendered":"Nginx virtual host – Nginx server block"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>

\"ngin<\/p>\n

We’ll show you how to create an Nginx Virtual Host, also known as an Nginx Server Block. In one of our previous tutorials we explained How to install and configure LNMP (Nginx, MySQL and PHP) server on a Debian 6 (squeeze) VPS<\/a>, now we’re going to look at how to set up a new server block (virtual host) for each new domain.<\/p>\n

Note: “VirtualHost” is an Apache term. Nginx does not have Virtual hosts, it has “Server Blocks” that use the server_name and listen directives to bind to tcp sockets.<\/p>\n

The following script can be used to set up a new server block on your Nginx server.<\/p>\n

#!\/usr\/bin\/env bash\r\n#\r\n# Nginx - new server block\r\n# http:\/\/rosehosting.com\r\n\r\n# Functions\r\nok() { echo -e '\\e[32m'$1'\\e[m'; } # Green\r\ndie() { echo -e '\\e[1;31m'$1'\\e[m'; exit 1; }\r\n\r\n# Variables\r\nNGINX_AVAILABLE_VHOSTS='\/etc\/nginx\/sites-available'\r\nNGINX_ENABLED_VHOSTS='\/etc\/nginx\/sites-enabled'\r\nWEB_DIR='\/var\/www'\r\nWEB_USER='www-data'\r\n\r\n# Sanity check\r\n[ $(id -g) != \"0\" ] && die \"Script must be run as root.\"\r\n[ $# != \"1\" ] && die \"Usage: $(basename $0) domainName\"\r\n\r\n# Create nginx config file\r\ncat > $NGINX_AVAILABLE_VHOSTS\/$1 <<EOF\r\nserver {\r\n  server_name $1;\r\n  listen 80;\r\n  root $WEB_DIR\/$1\/public_html;\r\n  access_log $WEB_DIR\/$1\/logs\/access.log;\r\n  error_log $WEB_DIR\/$1\/logs\/error.log;\r\n  index index.html index.php;\r\n  location \/ {\r\n    try_files \\$uri \\$uri\/ @rewrites;\r\n  }\r\n  location @rewrites {\r\n    rewrite ^ \/index.php last;\r\n  }\r\n  location ~* \\.(jpg|jpeg|gif|css|png|js|ico|html)$ {\r\n    access_log off;\r\n    expires max;\r\n  }\r\n  location ~ \/\\.ht {\r\n    deny  all;\r\n  }\r\n  location ~ \\.php {\r\n    fastcgi_index index.php;\r\n    fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\\.php)(.*)$;\r\n    include \/etc\/nginx\/fastcgi_params;\r\n    fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;\r\n    fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME \\$document_root\\$fastcgi_script_name;\r\n  }\r\n}\r\nEOF\r\n\r\n# Creating {public,log} directories\r\nmkdir -p $WEB_DIR\/$1\/{public_html,logs}\r\n\r\n# Creating index.html file\r\ncat > $WEB_DIR\/$1\/public_html\/index.html <<EOF\r\n<!DOCTYPE html>\r\n<html lang=\"en\">\r\n<head>\r\n        <title>$1<\/title>\r\n        <meta charset=\"utf-8\" \/>\r\n<\/head>\r\n<body class=\"container\">\r\n        <header><h1>$1<h1><\/header>\r\n        <div id=\"wrapper\"><p>Hello World<\/p><\/div>\r\n        <footer>\u00a9 $(date +%Y)<\/footer>\r\n<\/body>\r\n<\/html>\r\nEOF\r\n\r\n# Changing permissions\r\nchown -R $WEB_USER:$WEB_USER $WEB_DIR\/$1\r\n\r\n# Enable site by creating symbolic link\r\nln -s $NGINX_AVAILABLE_VHOSTS\/$1 $NGINX_ENABLED_VHOSTS\/$1\r\n\r\n# Restart\r\necho \"Do you wish to restart nginx?\"\r\nselect yn in \"Yes\" \"No\"; do\r\n    case $yn in\r\n        Yes ) \/etc\/init.d\/nginx restart ; break;;\r\n        No ) exit;;\r\n    esac\r\ndone\r\n\r\nok \"Site Created for $1\"<\/pre>\n
Here\u2019s what it does, in a nutshell:<\/p>\n
    \n
  1. Creates a new directory for the site (\/var\/www\/DOMAIN.COM\/public_html)<\/li>\n
  2. Creates a new directory for log files (\/var\/www\/DOMAIN.COM\/logs)<\/li>\n
  3. Sets correct owner\/group.<\/li>\n
  4. Creates a simple index.html file to show the site is working.<\/li>\n
  5. Asks for restart.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    To use the script type:<\/p>\n
    .\/nginx_vhost.sh\u00a0 newdomain.com<\/pre>\n
    The script should work on Debian, Ubuntu and closely related distributions.<\/p>\n
    <\/p>\n
    If you use one of our\u00a0Ubuntu VPS Hosting<\/a>\u00a0plans, you don\u2019t have to create Nginx Virtual Host yourself, you can simply ask our expert Linux admins to create Nginx server block for you. They are available 24\u00d77 and will take care of your request immediately.<\/p>\n
    PS.<\/strong><\/span> If you liked this post, on how to create Nginx virtual host,\u00a0 please share it with your friends on the social networks using the buttons on the left or simply leave a reply below. Thanks.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    We’ll show you how to create an Nginx Virtual Host, also known as an Nginx Server Block. In one of … <\/p>\n
    Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":25734,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1700,5,1698,1707],"tags":[56,48,49,1152,58,57,59],"class_list":["post-361","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-debian","category-scripts","category-ubuntu","category-web-servers","tag-bash","tag-debian","tag-nginx","tag-rosehosting","tag-script","tag-shell","tag-ubuntu","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-33"],"yoast_head":"\nNginx virtual host - Nginx server block | RoseHosting<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Nginx virtual host - Nginx server block | RoseHosting\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/set-up-a-new-virtual-host-server-block-on-your-nginx-server\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Nginx virtual host - Nginx server block\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Nginx virtual host - Nginx server block | RoseHosting\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/set-up-a-new-virtual-host-server-block-on-your-nginx-server\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"RoseHosting\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/RoseHosting\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/rosehosting.helpdesk\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2012-05-25T00:10:51+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-06-03T08:52:29+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/05\/nginx-virtual-host-nginx-server-block.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"722\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"316\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Jeff Wilson\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@rosehosting\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@rosehosting\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Jeff Wilson\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rosehosting.com\\\/blog\\\/set-up-a-new-virtual-host-server-block-on-your-nginx-server\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rosehosting.com\\\/blog\\\/set-up-a-new-virtual-host-server-block-on-your-nginx-server\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Jeff Wilson\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rosehosting.com\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/7ce77a842fa6a9a7f8efa186f2353713\"},\"headline\":\"Nginx virtual host – Nginx server block\",\"datePublished\":\"2012-05-25T00:10:51+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-06-03T08:52:29+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rosehosting.com\\\/blog\\\/set-up-a-new-virtual-host-server-block-on-your-nginx-server\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":266,\"commentCount\":7,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rosehosting.com\\\/blog\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rosehosting.com\\\/blog\\\/set-up-a-new-virtual-host-server-block-on-your-nginx-server\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rosehosting.com\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2012\\\/05\\\/nginx-virtual-host-nginx-server-block.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"bash\",\"debian\",\"nginx\",\"rosehosting\",\"script\",\"shell\",\"ubuntu\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Debian\",\"Scripts\",\"Ubuntu\",\"Web Servers\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rosehosting.com\\\/blog\\\/set-up-a-new-virtual-host-server-block-on-your-nginx-server\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rosehosting.com\\\/blog\\\/set-up-a-new-virtual-host-server-block-on-your-nginx-server\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rosehosting.com\\\/blog\\\/set-up-a-new-virtual-host-server-block-on-your-nginx-server\\\/\",\"name\":\"Nginx virtual host - 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