{"id":51209,"date":"2025-12-01T12:30:00","date_gmt":"2025-12-01T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/?p=51209"},"modified":"2025-11-07T23:18:58","modified_gmt":"2025-11-08T05:18:58","slug":"how-to-install-magento-on-debian-13","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-install-magento-on-debian-13\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Install Magento on Debian 13"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"bsf_rt_marker\"><\/div>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/how-to-install-magento-on-debian-13.webp\" alt=\"How to install Magento on Debian 13\" class=\"wp-image-51222\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/how-to-install-magento-on-debian-13.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/how-to-install-magento-on-debian-13-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/how-to-install-magento-on-debian-13-150x84.webp 150w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/how-to-install-magento-on-debian-13-768x432.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Magento is an open-source CMS specifically used for creating e-commerce websites. Because it&#8217;s open source, Magento can be freely used and modified by users. Magento offers flexibility and scalability that can support the growth of your online business over time. To add website features to your Magento website, you can install Magento Extensions. You can find them in the Magento Marketplace, both free and paid extensions. Simply install the extension and configure its settings, and you can add website features as you wish without needing to understand scripts or code. In this article, we will show you how to install Magento on Debian 13.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-transparent ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69f5d2c4b4752\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69f5d2c4b4752\"  aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-install-magento-on-debian-13\/#Prerequisites\" >Prerequisites<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-install-magento-on-debian-13\/#Step-1-Install-Dependencies\" >Step 1. Install Dependencies<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-install-magento-on-debian-13\/#Step-2-Add-System-User\" >Step 2. Add System User<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-install-magento-on-debian-13\/#Step-3-Install-MySQL-Server\" >Step 3. Install MySQL Server<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-install-magento-on-debian-13\/#Step-4-Install-PHP\" >Step 4. Install PHP<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-install-magento-on-debian-13\/#Step-5-Install-Nginx\" >Step 5. Install Nginx<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-install-magento-on-debian-13\/#Step-6-Install-Opensearch\" >Step 6. Install Opensearch<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-install-magento-on-debian-13\/#Step-7-Install-Composer\" >Step 7. Install Composer<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-install-magento-on-debian-13\/#Step-9-Install-SSL-Certificate\" >Step 9. Install SSL Certificate<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-install-magento-on-debian-13\/#Step-10-Set-up-Cron-Jobs\" >Step 10. Set up Cron Jobs<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-prerequisites\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Prerequisites\"><\/span>Prerequisites<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/debian-vps-hosting\/\">Debian 13 VPS<\/a> with at least 8GB of RAM<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>SSH root access or a user with sudo privileges is required<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-conventions\">Conventions<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \u2013 given commands should be executed with root privileges either directly as a root user or by use of sudo command\n$ \u2013 given commands should be executed as a regular user<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-step-1-install-dependencies\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Step-1-Install-Dependencies\"><\/span>Step 1. Install Dependencies<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>We need to set up some dependencies before we can install Magento on Debian 13. Let&#8217;s install them by running the command below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># apt install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl gnupg-agent -y<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-step-2-add-system-user\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Step-2-Add-System-User\"><\/span>Step 2. Add System User<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Magento will run under a new system user named magento. Let&#8217;s create a new system user now. Execute the command below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># useradd -G sudo,www-data -s \/bin\/bash -m -d \/opt\/magento magento<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Then, let&#8217;s give the new user a password.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># passwd magento<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>You will be prompted to type the password for user &#8216;magento&#8217; twice; the password will not be shown on your screen. From now on, we can switch to the user &#8216;magento&#8217; and continue the installation using this user.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># su - magento<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-step-3-install-mysql-server\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Step-3-Install-MySQL-Server\"><\/span>Step 3. Install MySQL Server<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>We can install MySQL 8.4 using the MySQL repository. To complete this step, navigate to the download page at https:\/\/dev.mysql.com\/downloads\/repo\/apt\/ to download the repository setup package. After getting the download link, we can run this command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ cd \/tmp\n$ wget https:\/\/dev.mysql.com\/get\/mysql-apt-config_0.8.36-1_all.deb<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Once downloaded, we can execute this command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">$ sudo apt install .\/mysql-apt-config_0.8.36-1_all.deb<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Follow the instructions on the screen, answer the question with (Y) <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"229\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/mysql-select-product-1024x229.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-51278\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/mysql-select-product-1024x229.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/mysql-select-product-300x67.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/mysql-select-product-150x34.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/mysql-select-product-768x172.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/mysql-select-product.jpg 1156w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Press the TAB key until you reach the &lt;Ok> button at the bottom, and then press ENTER.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"258\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/mysql-select-version-1024x258.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-51279\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/mysql-select-version-1024x258.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/mysql-select-version-300x76.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/mysql-select-version-150x38.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/mysql-select-version-768x194.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/mysql-select-version.jpg 1153w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Press another TAB until it is selected, and hit ENTER again.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"235\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/mysql-configured-1024x235.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-51280\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/mysql-configured-1024x235.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/mysql-configured-300x69.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/mysql-configured-150x34.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/mysql-configured-768x176.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/mysql-configured.jpg 1161w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>In this step, hit &lt;Ok><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Then, we can refresh the packages index file by running this command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ sudo apt update<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>That&#8217;s it, now we can install MySQL server<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ sudo apt install mysql-server -y<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Upon installation, MySQL server will be up and running. Now, we can generate a new database and its user for our Magento project.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ mysql -u root -p<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>You will be asked to type your MySQL root password, it was created during the installation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Once logged to the MySQL shell, we can run these commands.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>mysql&gt; CREATE USER 'magento'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'm0d1fyth15';\nmysql&gt; CREATE DATABASE magentodb;\nmysql&gt; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON magentodb.* TO 'magento'@'localhost';\nmysql&gt; FLUSH PRIVILEGES;\nmysql&gt; \\q<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Make sure to replace &#8216;m0d1fyth15&#8217; with a stronger password.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Next, we will need to disable bin log.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ sudo nano \/etc\/mysql\/mysql.conf.d\/mysqld.cnf<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Append this to the file.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>disable_log_bin<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>To apply the changes, we need to restart MySQL<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ sudo systemctl restart mysql<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-step-4-install-php\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Step-4-Install-PHP\"><\/span>Step 4. Install PHP<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Debian 13 ships with PHP 8.4, and at the moment, only Magento 2.4.8-p2 supports it. Before we install Magento on Debian 13, we need to install PHP 8.4 and its extensions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ sudo apt install php-{bcmath,common,curl,fpm,gd,intl,mbstring,mysql,soap,xml,zip,cli}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Next, we need to modify the following settings in the php.ini file:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Increase memory_limit to 512M<br>Set short_open_tag to On<br>Set upload_max_filesize to 128M<br>Increase max_execution_time to 3600<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Let&#8217;s make the changes by executing these commands<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ sudo sed -i \"s\/memory_limit = .*\/memory_limit = 512M\/\" \/etc\/php\/8.4\/fpm\/php.ini\n$ sudo sed -i \"s\/upload_max_filesize = .*\/upload_max_filesize = 128M\/\" \/etc\/php\/8.4\/fpm\/php.ini\n$ sudo sed -i \"s\/short_open_tag = .*\/short_open_tag = On\/\" \/etc\/php\/8.4\/fpm\/php.ini\n$ sudo sed -i \"s\/max_execution_time = .*\/max_execution_time = 3600\/\" \/etc\/php\/8.4\/fpm\/php.ini<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Then, let&#8217;s create a PHP-FOM pool.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ sudo nano \/etc\/php\/8.4\/fpm\/pool.d\/magento.conf <\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>We need to insert the following into the file.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>&#91;magento]\nuser = magento\ngroup = magento\n\nlisten = \/run\/php\/magento.sock\nlisten.owner = magento\nlisten.group = www-data\npm = ondemand\npm.max_children = 50\npm.start_servers = 10\npm.min_spare_servers = 5\npm.max_spare_servers = 10<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Save the file and then exit from the file editor, and don&#8217;t forget to restart the php-fpm service<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ sudo systemctl restart php8.4-fpm<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-step-5-install-nginx\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Step-5-Install-Nginx\"><\/span>Step 5. Install Nginx<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In this article, we will use Nginx as the web server. Let&#8217;s install it now.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ sudo apt install nginx -y<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Then, we need to create an nginx server block for our Magento website.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ sudo nano \/etc\/nginx\/sites-enabled\/magento.conf<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Insert the following into the configuration file.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>upstream fastcgi_backend {\nserver unix:\/run\/php\/magento.sock;\n}\n\nserver {\nserver_name magento.yourdomain.com;\nlisten 80;\nset $MAGE_ROOT \/opt\/magento\/website;\nset $MAGE_MODE production;\n\naccess_log \/var\/log\/nginx\/magento-access.log;\nerror_log \/var\/log\/nginx\/magento-error.log;\n\ninclude \/opt\/magento\/website\/nginx.conf.sample;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Save the file, then exit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-step-6-install-opensearch\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Step-6-Install-Opensearch\"><\/span>Step 6. Install Opensearch<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>As an alternative to Elasticsearch, Magento now supports OpenSearch. In this step, we will install OpenSearch and then modify its settings. Let&#8217;s download and install it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ wget https:\/\/artifacts.opensearch.org\/releases\/bundle\/opensearch\/3.2.0\/opensearch-3.2.0-linux-x64.deb<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>To get the download link, you can go to the <a href=\"https:\/\/opensearch.org\/downloads\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">OpenSearch download page<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Now, let&#8217;s proceed with the installation. Please note that during installation, we need to export the initial admin password. Please replace the password in the command below with a minimum 8-character password that must contain at least one uppercase letter, one lowercase letter, one digit, and one special character.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ sudo env OPENSEARCH_INITIAL_ADMIN_PASSWORD=@@5bV9u2N3Bt dpkg -i opensearch-3.2.0-linux-x64.deb <\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>If your password is not strong enough, you will receive a message and need to create a stronger one.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>After the installation is finished, we can start the service<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ sudo systemctl daemon-reload\n$ sudo systemctl enable --now opensearch<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>That&#8217;s it! OpenSearch has been successfully running.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>By default, OpenSearch uses SSL, but Magento doesn&#8217;t. So we need to disable the SSL plugin in OpenSearch for a successful Magento installation:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ sudo nano \/etc\/opensearch\/opensearch.yml<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>And add this to the end of the yml file:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>plugins.security.disabled: true<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Save the file, then exit, and finally restart the service.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ sudo systemctl restart opensearch<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Once it&#8217;s up and running, we can run this command to verify.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ curl -X GET localhost:9200<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>The command will return an output similar to this:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>root@rh:\/opt\/magento\/website# curl -X GET localhost:9200\n{\n  \"name\" : \"blogpost1\",\n  \"cluster_name\" : \"opensearch\",\n  \"cluster_uuid\" : \"5jgcZzL0TyyR0DCa6ofSPA\",\n  \"version\" : {\n    \"distribution\" : \"opensearch\",\n    \"number\" : \"3.2.0\",\n    \"build_type\" : \"deb\",\n    \"build_hash\" : \"6adc0bf476e1624190564d7fbe4aba00ccf49ad8\",\n    \"build_date\" : \"2025-08-12T03:54:00.119899934Z\",\n    \"build_snapshot\" : false,\n    \"lucene_version\" : \"10.2.2\",\n    \"minimum_wire_compatibility_version\" : \"2.19.0\",\n    \"minimum_index_compatibility_version\" : \"2.0.0\"\n  },\n  \"tagline\" : \"The OpenSearch Project: https:\/\/opensearch.org\/\"\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-step-7-install-composer\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Step-7-Install-Composer\"><\/span>Step 7. Install Composer<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In this step, we will install Composer. The installation is straightforward.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ curl -sS https:\/\/getcomposer.org\/installer -o composer-setup.php\n$ sudo php composer-setup.php --install-dir=\/usr\/local\/bin --filename=composer<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>That\u2019s it. To check the version of the installed Composer, you can run this command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ composer -V<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>The command will show you an output like this;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Composer version 2.8.12 2025-09-19 13:41:59\nPHP version 8.4.11 (\/usr\/bin\/php8.4)\nRun the \"diagnose\" command to get more detailed diagnostics output.<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 8. Download and Install Magento<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Go to the <a href=\"https:\/\/commercemarketplace.adobe.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Adobe Marketplace<\/a> and create an account or log in if you already have an account. After logging in, navigate to your <a href=\"https:\/\/commercemarketplace.adobe.com\/customer\/accessKeys\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Commerce Marketplace Access Keys<\/a> and create the key pair. You will need the key pair when executing the command below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>composer create-project &#8211;repository-url=https:\/\/repo.magento.com\/ magento\/project-community-edition=2.4.8-p2 \/opt\/magento\/website<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When prompted for a username, you need to use the &#8216;PUBLIC KEY&#8217; for the username and &#8216;PRIVATE KEY&#8217; for the password.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>    Authentication required (repo.magento.com):\n      Username: 3b20816aa197fe396821xd995608d1a9\n      Password: \nDo you want to store credentials for repo.magento.com in \/opt\/magento\/.config\/composer\/auth.json ? &#91;Yn] <\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Hit ENTER to continue; it would be self-explanatory from here. Wait until the download finishes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>After all required files are downloaded, we can proceed with the installation by running the command below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ cd \/opt\/magento\/website\n$ bin\/magento setup:install \\\n--base-url=http:\/\/yourdomain.com \\\n--db-host=127.0.0.1 \\\n--db-name=magentodb \\\n--db-user=magento \\\n--db-password=m0d1fyth15 \\\n--admin-firstname=Magento \\\n--admin-lastname=Admin \\\n--admin-email=admin@yourdomain.com \\\n--admin-user=rosehosting \\\n--admin-password=m0d1fyth15 \\\n--language=en_US \\\n--currency=USD \\\n--timezone=America\/Chicago \\\n--use-rewrites=1 \\\n--search-engine=opensearch<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>At the end of the installation, you will see an output similar to this:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>&#91;SUCCESS]: Magento installation complete.\n&#91;SUCCESS]: Magento Admin URI: \/admin_4ibionn\nNothing to import.<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Now, let&#8217;s correct the permissions; otherwise, you will not be able to access Magento.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ sudo chown 755 \/opt\/magento<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Now, we can open our Magento website and access the backend. You can use your favourite browser and navigate to http:\/\/yourdomain.com\/admin_4ibionn<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Please remember, you should have your own Magento backend URL.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"471\" height=\"581\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/magento-backend-login.jpg\" alt=\"install Magento on Debian 13\" class=\"wp-image-51212\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/magento-backend-login.jpg 471w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/magento-backend-login-243x300.jpg 243w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/magento-backend-login-122x150.jpg 122w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 471px) 100vw, 471px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Let&#8217;s log in with the username and password we used during installation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Now, you will see this message about 2FA.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"491\" height=\"524\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/magento-backend-2fa.jpg\" alt=\"Magento 2FA security\" class=\"wp-image-51213\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/magento-backend-2fa.jpg 491w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/magento-backend-2fa-281x300.jpg 281w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/magento-backend-2fa-141x150.jpg 141w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 491px) 100vw, 491px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We can disable 2FA now.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ php bin\/magento module:disable Magento_AdminAdobeImsTwoFactorAuth\n$ php bin\/magento module:disable Magento_TwoFactorAuth\n$ php bin\/magento setup:di:compile\n$ php bin\/magento cache:clean<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>At this point, you can refresh your Magento backend or try to log in again. You should now be able to access the dashboard.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"590\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/magento-backend-dashboard-1024x590.jpg\" alt=\"Magento Dashboard\" class=\"wp-image-51214\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/magento-backend-dashboard-1024x590.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/magento-backend-dashboard-300x173.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/magento-backend-dashboard-150x86.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/magento-backend-dashboard-768x443.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/magento-backend-dashboard-1320x761.jpg 1320w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/magento-backend-dashboard.jpg 1501w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-step-9-install-ssl-certificate\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Step-9-Install-SSL-Certificate\"><\/span>Step 9. Install SSL Certificate<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In this step, we will install certbot. Certbot is an ACME tool to generate SSL certificates provided by Let&#8217;s Encrypt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ sudo apt install python3-certbot-nginx<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Once installed, we can execute this command to generate an SSL certificate. But make sure that your subdomain or domain name is already pointing to your server; otherwise, certbot will fail to generate the SSL certificate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ sudo certbot --nginx -d magento.yourdomain.com<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Replace magento.yourdomain.com with the actual domain or subdomain you use, make sure it matches the one you use in nginx.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Certbot will automatically update your nginx configuration to use HTTPS. Now, your website is loaded in HTTPS mode.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-step-10-set-up-cron-jobs\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Step-10-Set-up-Cron-Jobs\"><\/span>Step 10. Set up Cron Jobs<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Magento requires its cron jobs to run to automate its important system functions. Let&#8217;s execute the command below to create Magento cron jobs under the user magento.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ php bin\/magento cron:install<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>To confirm if the crons are added, you can run this command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ crontab -l<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>The command above will print you an output similar to this:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#~ MAGENTO START b719a4448879f9e9995857329b0ee3a254953e05e3d6cfc20de366f4e91e28a3\n* * * * * \/usr\/bin\/php8.4 \/opt\/magento\/website\/bin\/magento cron:run &gt;&gt; \/opt\/magento\/website\/var\/log\/magento.cron.log 2&gt;&amp;1\n#~ MAGENTO END b719a4448879f9e9995857329b0ee3a254953e05e3d6cfc20de366f4e91e28a3<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>That&#8217;s it all! You have successfully installed Magento on Debian 13.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Of course, you don\u2019t have to follow this guide and install Magento if you have a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/magento-hosting\/\">Magento hosting<\/a> service with us, in which case you can simply ask our expert Linux hosting admins to set all of this up for you, quickly and easily. Our experienced administrators are available 24\u00d77 and will respond to your request immediately. They will also help you with more complex Magento installations, like using Varnish, Elasticsearch, and other customizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>PS. If you liked this post, please share it with your friends or leave a comment below.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Magento is an open-source CMS specifically used for creating e-commerce websites. Because it&#8217;s open source, Magento can be freely used &#8230; <\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more-container\"><a title=\"How to Install Magento on Debian 13\" class=\"read-more button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-install-magento-on-debian-13\/#more-51209\" aria-label=\"Read more about How to Install Magento on Debian 13\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":51222,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1700,1711],"tags":[2265,375,1603,216,983],"class_list":["post-51209","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-debian","category-e-commerce","tag-debian-13","tag-ecommerce","tag-how-to-install","tag-magento","tag-magento-2","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-33"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.5 (Yoast 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